Vang G. |
LEO TOLSTOY’S “AZBUKA” (“THE ABC BOOK”): PROBLEM OF GENRE AND SUBJECT
Petrozavodsk State University, sobnick@yandex.ruAnnotation: The collection of “Azbuka” has been investigated just in general. During Tolstoy’s life it had been actively discussed by teachers and literary critics: along with complimentary statements, discussions included critical too, concerning both language, genre’s and subject’s principles and pedagogical method. Lately collection considered as Tolstoy’s ethico-pedagogical experiment. Collection’s differential analysis was done on the principle of a random sample of texts, which illustrated one or another author’s ethical idea. In the present paper makes an original attempt to explore systematically genre and subject typology of Tolstoy’s “Azbuka”. Key words: L. N. Tolstoy, children’s literature, “Azbuka”, genre, subject Text (russian) References |
Eintrop A. S. |
The symbolism of the butterfly in the poems of A. A. Fet “Dream” and M. Lokhvitskaya “In a dream”
Petrozavodsk State University, arina.eintrop@gmail.comAnnotation: In this article we reviewed the representations of different nations about the image of butterflies and revealed its development stages. The image itself has formed in different national cultures ages ago, but it had to go all the way from start up to the end again in the literature. In addition, in the period that we've chosen (russian poetry of the mid XVIII - end of XIX centuries) on the background of all the other poems there are two which are identified in the title. We tried to find out what role in the composition of both poems the image of butterfly was playing. Key words: butterfly, image, symbol, dream vision, A. A. Fet, M. Lokhvitskaya, dream. Text (russian) References |
Druk A. A. |
The motive of dream in poetry of A.Akhmatova
PetrSU, kompot.da@gmail.comAnnotation: The article considers conceptions of dreams as psychological phenomenon, conceptions of dream as a motive in lyrics of A.A.Akhmatova. There are given the classification of dreams from the poems and defined its role in all Akhmatova’s poetry. Conditions of dreams can be interpreted as metaphors dream-life, dream-death, dream-meeting and other. The motive of dream has different functions in poems and opens for characters in its special way. The dream is founded by recollections, but in consciousness of characters the dream fulfills as full memory of happened meetings and actions. Characters suffer a death in dreams and experienced high feelings that reflects presentiments of subconscousness, because of private feelings and deep reflections. Dream as a comparison in poetry of A. Akhmatova is always light reflection of reality. The dream that fulfills in life makes a character feel a half-dream state, that is why character’s life seems to be a form of existence that unembodied in life. The motive of dream is part, remedying the shortage from life of lyric character. Key words: dream, motive of a dream, vision, reality, comparison, recollection, death, life. Text (russian) References |
Korneenko A. S. |
Artistic version of the Gospel story in the culture of the first third of the XX century
Petrozavodsk State University 33, lis0vskaa@yandex.ruAnnotation: The subject of our study was to analyze the artistic transformation of the Gospel story in the works of the three authors of the first third of the XX century (Merezhkovsky, LN Andreev, Mikhail Bulgakov).
The aim of the study was to determine the nature of the changes of the Gospel story on an event and compositional levels in each product. The analysis was conducted in the context of Russian and European artistic and philosophical literature.
Three pieces above mentioned authors: novel "Unknown Jesus", story "Judas Iscariot" and the novel "The Master and Margarita" were the material of the study.
The result of the cascade of social and scientific revolutions of the turn of the century was the spiritual crisis of Russian culture, the way out of which national literature sought in the appealing to the sacred history; special attention of the artists of the early XX century was attracted by the gospel.
In the novel "The Unknown Jesus" key evangelical events and characters are "Saved", but the layout of the author and inclusion of quotations from the Apocrypha and their own arguments show that the author is acting as an evangelist, and wrote his novel in the genre of "Unknown Gospel."
The analysis showed that in the story of Andreev and in Bulgakov's novel there is a reduction of the Gospel events as well as the addition of the auther’s. However, the principles of inclusion or omission of the Gospel events of the the authors are different: if Andreev builds the series of events around Judah, emphasizing his figurative solution, Bulgakov excluding from of the plot the events filled with divine predestination, defines Yeshua as a wandering philosopher and the problem of the ancient novel - as a timeless problem of human responsibility. Even the unity of the authors of the Resurrection in the reduction due to the different purposes: Andreev thus enhances typical apocalyptic motif of his work, and Bulgakov emphasizes the humanity of Yeshua.
It can be concluded that at a crucial period in the history Russian literature actively transcribed Gospel story investing new meaning in new product. The three products that were the subject of our research show the tragedy of a man falling away from God and awareness of the impossibility of human life without God, without true faith. Key words: the plot, the novel of Merezhkovsky "Jesus Unknown", the story of L.N. Andreev "Judas Iscariot", a novel by M. Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita", the Gospel Text (russian) References |
Mineeva I. |
wsedfg
|